Back
FACTS ABOUT INHALANTS
- Inhalants
are volatile solvents—liquids that vaporize at room temperature.
- They
are most commonly used by children but the habit may continue into
adulthood. Effects are short acting
and must be repeated. There is no
addiction or withdrawal.
- Some
of the most common are paint thinners and removers, dry cleaning fluids,
gasoline, glues, degreasers, nail polish removers and felt tip marker
fluids.
- Aerosols
include hair sprays, and vegetable oils used in cooking. Among the most
used are spray paints, especially the metallic ones such as silver blue,
gold and silver, which contain more of the solvent toluene than others.
- Gases
include butane lighters, propane tanks, and nitrous oxide which is used as
a propellant in whip cream dispensers.
- Medical
anesthetic gases have legitimate uses but are harmful if used
excessively. They include nitrous
oxide and, less commonly, ether or halothane.
- Nitrites
such as amyl nitrite have legitimate medical uses to dilate blood
vessels. Otherwise they are used to
increase sexual pleasure. Cyclohexyl nitrite is found in room deodorizers. Butyl nitrite is illegal and sold in
small bottles called “poppers”.
- Ways
to use inhalants are “huffing” by pouring the product on a rag and holding
it to the nose and mouth to inhale or “bagging” by spraying or pouring the
substance into a plastic bag and putting the bag over the head or holding
it closely over the nose and mouth to inhale.
- Some
substances can be inhaled directly from the container or, in the case of
nitrous oxide, inhaling from balloons filled with it.
- Effects
include excitation and hallucinations followed by drowsiness.
- Effects
on the brain include damaged hearing, poor color vision and slurred
speech. Staggering and poor
coordination also occur. Later, there are dementia and movement
problems. Nerve damage in the limbs
leads to chronic pain and loss of feeling.
- Spasm
of the bronchi occurs especially in those with asthma.
- Nitrites
cause anemia and immune system damage.
- Sores
around the nose and mouth occur with both huffing and bagging.
- Kidney
and liver failure occur.
- Use
during pregnancy can damage the unborn child. This is called Fetal Solvent Syndrome.
- Death
is most often by cardiac arrest caused by lack of oxygen.